shishupal a table prefix for a database field defines how tables in the database are prefixed ? So for example the database has a table posts which holds all posts made, if you have set up Flarum to use a database prefix (for instance "oao_"), the table would be prefixed with that value resulting in "oao_posts".
Prefixing allows you to have multiple identical database tables inside one database by separating them through prefixes.