Hi. My hosting only supports emails sent by the php mail() function.
So I set mail as the driver in the admin control panel.
However, when a user registers, an error occurs and the confirmation email is not sent.
This is the error with debug mode enabled:
TypeError: stream_set_blocking(): Argument #1 ($stream) must be of type resource, null given in /.../vendor/swiftmailer/swiftmailer/lib/classes/Swift/Transport/StreamBuffer.php:292
Stack trace:
#0 /.../vendor/swiftmailer/swiftmailer/lib/classes/Swift/Transport/StreamBuffer.php(292): stream_set_blocking(NULL, 0)
#1 /.../vendor/swiftmailer/swiftmailer/lib/classes/Swift/Transport/StreamBuffer.php(54): Swift_Transport_StreamBuffer->establishProcessConnection()
#2 /.../vendor/swiftmailer/swiftmailer/lib/classes/Swift/Transport/AbstractSmtpTransport.php(143): Swift_Transport_StreamBuffer->initialize(Array)
#3 /.../vendor/swiftmailer/swiftmailer/lib/classes/Swift/Transport/SendmailTransport.php(50): Swift_Transport_AbstractSmtpTransport->start()
#4 /.../vendor/swiftmailer/swiftmailer/lib/classes/Swift/Mailer.php(65): Swift_Transport_SendmailTransport->start()
#5 /.../vendor/illuminate/mail/Mailer.php(521): Swift_Mailer->send(Object(Swift_Message), Array)
#6 /.../vendor/illuminate/mail/Mailer.php(288): Illuminate\Mail\Mailer->sendSwiftMessage(Object(Swift_Message))
#7 /.../vendor/illuminate/mail/Mailer.php(212): Illuminate\Mail\Mailer->send(NULL, Array, Object(Closure))
#8 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Mail/Job/SendRawEmailJob.php(33): Illuminate\Mail\Mailer->raw('Ciao Arhen!\n\nQu...', Object(Closure))
#9 /.../vendor/illuminate/container/BoundMethod.php(36): Flarum\Mail\Job\SendRawEmailJob->handle(Object(Illuminate\Mail\Mailer))
#10 /.../vendor/illuminate/container/Util.php(40): Illuminate\Container\BoundMethod::Illuminate\Container\{closure}()
#11 /.../vendor/illuminate/container/BoundMethod.php(93): Illuminate\Container\Util::unwrapIfClosure(Object(Closure))
#12 /.../vendor/illuminate/container/BoundMethod.php(35): Illuminate\Container\BoundMethod::callBoundMethod(Object(Illuminate\Container\Container), Array, Object(Closure))
#13 /.../vendor/illuminate/container/Container.php(653): Illuminate\Container\BoundMethod::call(Object(Illuminate\Container\Container), Array, Array, NULL)
#14 /.../vendor/illuminate/bus/Dispatcher.php(128): Illuminate\Container\Container->call(Array)
#15 /.../vendor/illuminate/pipeline/Pipeline.php(128): Illuminate\Bus\Dispatcher->Illuminate\Bus\{closure}(Object(Flarum\Mail\Job\SendRawEmailJob))
#16 /.../vendor/illuminate/pipeline/Pipeline.php(103): Illuminate\Pipeline\Pipeline->Illuminate\Pipeline\{closure}(Object(Flarum\Mail\Job\SendRawEmailJob))
#17 /.../vendor/illuminate/bus/Dispatcher.php(132): Illuminate\Pipeline\Pipeline->then(Object(Closure))
#18 /.../vendor/illuminate/queue/CallQueuedHandler.php(119): Illuminate\Bus\Dispatcher->dispatchNow(Object(Flarum\Mail\Job\SendRawEmailJob), false)
#19 /.../vendor/illuminate/pipeline/Pipeline.php(128): Illuminate\Queue\CallQueuedHandler->Illuminate\Queue\{closure}(Object(Flarum\Mail\Job\SendRawEmailJob))
#20 /.../vendor/illuminate/pipeline/Pipeline.php(103): Illuminate\Pipeline\Pipeline->Illuminate\Pipeline\{closure}(Object(Flarum\Mail\Job\SendRawEmailJob))
#21 /.../vendor/illuminate/queue/CallQueuedHandler.php(118): Illuminate\Pipeline\Pipeline->then(Object(Closure))
#22 /.../vendor/illuminate/queue/CallQueuedHandler.php(70): Illuminate\Queue\CallQueuedHandler->dispatchThroughMiddleware(Object(Illuminate\Queue\Jobs\SyncJob), Object(Flarum\Mail\Job\SendRawEmailJob))
#23 /.../vendor/illuminate/queue/Jobs/Job.php(98): Illuminate\Queue\CallQueuedHandler->call(Object(Illuminate\Queue\Jobs\SyncJob), Array)
#24 /.../vendor/illuminate/queue/SyncQueue.php(43): Illuminate\Queue\Jobs\Job->fire()
#25 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/User/AccountActivationMailerTrait.php(54): Illuminate\Queue\SyncQueue->push(Object(Flarum\Mail\Job\SendRawEmailJob))
#26 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/User/AccountActivationMailer.php(67): Flarum\User\AccountActivationMailer->sendConfirmationEmail(Object(Flarum\User\User), Array)
#27 /.../vendor/illuminate/events/Dispatcher.php(424): Flarum\User\AccountActivationMailer->handle(Object(Flarum\User\Event\Registered))
#28 /.../vendor/illuminate/events/Dispatcher.php(249): Illuminate\Events\Dispatcher->Illuminate\Events\{closure}('Flarum\\User\\Eve...', Array)
#29 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Foundation/DispatchEventsTrait.php(33): Illuminate\Events\Dispatcher->dispatch('Flarum\\User\\Eve...')
#30 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/User/Command/RegisterUserHandler.php(120): Flarum\User\Command\RegisterUserHandler->dispatchEventsFor(Object(Flarum\User\User), Object(Flarum\User\Guest))
#31 /.../vendor/illuminate/bus/Dispatcher.php(122): Flarum\User\Command\RegisterUserHandler->handle(Object(Flarum\User\Command\RegisterUser))
#32 /.../vendor/illuminate/pipeline/Pipeline.php(128): Illuminate\Bus\Dispatcher->Illuminate\Bus\{closure}(Object(Flarum\User\Command\RegisterUser))
#33 /.../vendor/illuminate/pipeline/Pipeline.php(103): Illuminate\Pipeline\Pipeline->Illuminate\Pipeline\{closure}(Object(Flarum\User\Command\RegisterUser))
#34 /.../vendor/illuminate/bus/Dispatcher.php(132): Illuminate\Pipeline\Pipeline->then(Object(Closure))
#35 /.../vendor/illuminate/bus/Dispatcher.php(78): Illuminate\Bus\Dispatcher->dispatchNow(Object(Flarum\User\Command\RegisterUser))
#36 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Api/Controller/CreateUserController.php(45): Illuminate\Bus\Dispatcher->dispatch(Object(Flarum\User\Command\RegisterUser))
#37 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Api/Controller/AbstractSerializeController.php(116): Flarum\Api\Controller\CreateUserController->data(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Tobscure\JsonApi\Document))
#38 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Api/Controller/AbstractCreateController.php(22): Flarum\Api\Controller\AbstractSerializeController->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#39 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/RouteHandlerFactory.php(41): Flarum\Api\Controller\AbstractCreateController->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#40 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/Middleware/ExecuteRoute.php(27): Flarum\Http\RouteHandlerFactory->Flarum\Http\{closure}(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Array)
#41 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Flarum\Http\Middleware\ExecuteRoute->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Closure))
#42 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Api/Middleware/ThrottleApi.php(33): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#43 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Flarum\Api\Middleware\ThrottleApi->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#44 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/Middleware/ResolveRoute.php(69): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#45 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Flarum\Http\Middleware\ResolveRoute->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#46 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/Middleware/SetLocale.php(51): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#47 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Flarum\Http\Middleware\SetLocale->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#48 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/Middleware/HandleErrors.php(57): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#49 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Flarum\Http\Middleware\HandleErrors->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#50 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/MiddlewarePipe.php(81): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#51 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/MiddlewarePipe.php(70): Laminas\Stratigility\MiddlewarePipe->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\EmptyPipelineHandler))
#52 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Api/Client.php(141): Laminas\Stratigility\MiddlewarePipe->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#53 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Api/Client.php(96): Flarum\Api\Client->send('POST', '/users')
#54 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Forum/Controller/RegisterController.php(56): Flarum\Api\Client->post('/users')
#55 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/RouteHandlerFactory.php(41): Flarum\Forum\Controller\RegisterController->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#56 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/Middleware/ExecuteRoute.php(27): Flarum\Http\RouteHandlerFactory->Flarum\Http\{closure}(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Array)
#57 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Flarum\Http\Middleware\ExecuteRoute->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Closure))
#58 /.../vendor/fof/ban-ips/src/Middleware/RegisterMiddleware.php(94): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#59 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): FoF\BanIPs\Middleware\RegisterMiddleware->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#60 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/Middleware/ContentTypeOptionsHeader.php(21): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#61 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Flarum\Http\Middleware\ContentTypeOptionsHeader->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#62 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/Middleware/ReferrerPolicyHeader.php(30): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#63 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Flarum\Http\Middleware\ReferrerPolicyHeader->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#64 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/Middleware/FlarumPromotionHeader.php(30): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#65 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Flarum\Http\Middleware\FlarumPromotionHeader->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#66 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/Middleware/ShareErrorsFromSession.php(57): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#67 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Flarum\Http\Middleware\ShareErrorsFromSession->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#68 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/Middleware/CheckCsrfToken.php(44): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#69 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Flarum\Http\Middleware\CheckCsrfToken->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#70 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/Middleware/ResolveRoute.php(69): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#71 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Flarum\Http\Middleware\ResolveRoute->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#72 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/Middleware/SetLocale.php(51): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#73 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Flarum\Http\Middleware\SetLocale->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#74 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/Middleware/AuthenticateWithSession.php(31): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#75 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Flarum\Http\Middleware\AuthenticateWithSession->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#76 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/Middleware/RememberFromCookie.php(63): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#77 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Flarum\Http\Middleware\RememberFromCookie->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#78 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/Middleware/StartSession.php(61): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#79 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Flarum\Http\Middleware\StartSession->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#80 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/Middleware/CollectGarbage.php(46): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#81 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Flarum\Http\Middleware\CollectGarbage->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#82 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/Middleware/ParseJsonBody.php(28): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#83 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Flarum\Http\Middleware\ParseJsonBody->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#84 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/Middleware/HandleErrors.php(57): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#85 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Flarum\Http\Middleware\HandleErrors->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#86 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/Middleware/InjectActorReference.php(25): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#87 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Flarum\Http\Middleware\InjectActorReference->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#88 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/MiddlewarePipe.php(81): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#89 /.../vendor/middlewares/request-handler/src/RequestHandler.php(84): Laminas\Stratigility\MiddlewarePipe->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#90 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Middlewares\RequestHandler->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#91 /.../vendor/middlewares/base-path-router/src/BasePathRouter.php(97): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#92 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Middlewares\BasePathRouter->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#93 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Middleware/OriginalMessages.php(36): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#94 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Laminas\Stratigility\Middleware\OriginalMessages->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#95 /.../vendor/middlewares/base-path/src/BasePath.php(73): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#96 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Middlewares\BasePath->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#97 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/Middleware/ProcessIp.php(24): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#98 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/Next.php(49): Flarum\Http\Middleware\ProcessIp->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\Next))
#99 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/MiddlewarePipe.php(81): Laminas\Stratigility\Next->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#100 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-stratigility/src/MiddlewarePipe.php(70): Laminas\Stratigility\MiddlewarePipe->process(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest), Object(Laminas\Stratigility\EmptyPipelineHandler))
#101 /.../vendor/laminas/laminas-httphandlerrunner/src/RequestHandlerRunner.php(73): Laminas\Stratigility\MiddlewarePipe->handle(Object(Laminas\Diactoros\ServerRequest))
#102 /.../vendor/flarum/core/src/Http/Server.php(45): Laminas\HttpHandlerRunner\RequestHandlerRunner->run()
#103 /.../index.php(26): Flarum\Http\Server->listen()
#104 {main}
How can I solve it?