alljaybird no, this feature isn't available, but it's something I might add in the future.
If you need to use this information programmatically (for example, retrieve all users that match an answer via a PHP script), I can provide the code to do it with my extension.
For a user-facing search solution, this will require more changes. If there's more demand for this, I can move it up my TODO list for this extension.
The FoF Masquerade extension has search but it's extremely restrictive and not very user friendly nor well documented.
If the field is a list of choices, then the Taxonomies extension could be used and it has user filtering. However that extension isn't available publicly at this time. My version at flamarkt/taxonomies
is not yet officially released and there exists a fork but I think it's closed source.