ctml as far as I know, the scheduler itself cannot catch back on missed tasks.
You run the scheduler script every minute.
Then that script takes care of checking which of the tasks need to run at that particular minute.
If you want to change the schedule of a task, you need to do that at the task registration level. Most extensions allow you to choose the task schedule from the UI.
If you don't run the scheduler every minute, I'm pretty sure any job that was supposed to run at that exact minute will never run.